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Functional Programming

Background:​

  • Java, known for its strong foundation in object-oriented programming (OOP), underwent a profound transformation with the introduction of functional programming concepts in Java 8.

  • Functional programming represents a different approach to structuring and organizing code compared to traditional OOP.

Functional Programming:​

Functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing-state and mutable data.

In a functional programming paradigm:

  • Functions are first-class citizens: They can be assigned to variables, passed as arguments, and returned as values.

  • Immutability is emphasized: Once a variable is assigned a value, it typically does not change.

  • Side effects are minimized: Functions have no observable side effects beyond returning a value.